CarGurus Logo Homepage Link
  • Buy
    • Used cars
    • New cars
    • Certified pre-owned
    • Start your purchase online
  • Sell
    • Sell my car
    • Car values
  • Research
    • Test drive reviews
    • Price trends
    • Compare cars
  • Saved cars & searches
  • Sign in / Register
    • My account
    • Saved searches
    • Saved cars
    • Recommended cars
    • Browsing history
      • United States (EN)
      • Estados Unidos (ES)
      • Canada (EN)
      • Canada (FR)
      • United Kingdom

Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale near Apsley, ON

1,348 results
Bancroft, ON
2018 Toyota RAV4 LE AWD Carimex Auto Sales Waterloo

2018 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

130,000 kilometres

$21,995

Fair Deal
Waterloo, ON
232 km away
Year:
2018
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
176 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Red (Burgundy)
Combined gas mileage:
10 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Gray (Dark Grey)
Transmission:
6-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
130,000
Stock number:
2602050
VIN:
2T3BFREV1JW851074

Sponsored

2024 Toyota RAV4 LE AWD

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

64,599 kilometres

$31,031

Great Deal
Owen Sound, ON
228 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
64,599
Stock number:
208OVU
VIN:
2T3B1RFV6RC457404

Sponsored

2023 Toyota RAV4 XLE AWD

2023 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

22,000 kilometres

$37,590

Fair Deal
160 km away
Year:
2023
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Red
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
22,000
Stock number:
103331
VIN:
2T3R1RFV1PW407505

Sponsored

2024 Toyota RAV4 LE AWD

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

72,330 kilometres

$30,995

Great Deal
Mississauga, ON
166 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
72,330
Stock number:
19896
VIN:
2T3B1RFV2RC433357

2024 Toyota RAV4 LE AWD

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

30,217 kilometres

$33,739

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Richmond Hill, ON
135 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Gray (Magnetic Grey Metallic)
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
30,217
Stock number:
LR49154
VIN:
2T3B1RFV4RC410551

2025 Toyota RAV4 XLE AWD

2025 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

40,538 kilometres

$38,795

Great Deal
Barrie, ON
128 km away
Year:
2025
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Black
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
40,538
Stock number:
R3683
VIN:
2T3R1RFVXSW511743

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

35,358 kilometres

$34,995

Great Deal
Ottawa, ON
202 km away
Year:
2025
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
35,358
Stock number:
04822W
VIN:
2T3B1RFV3SC518438

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

57,220 kilometres

$30,794

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Richmond Hill, ON
135 km away
Year:
2023
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Silver Sky Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
57,220
Stock number:
LR48800
VIN:
2T3B1RFV4PC369058

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

67,945 kilometres

$30,995

Great Deal
Mississauga, ON
166 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
67,945
Stock number:
19617
VIN:
2T3B1RFV7RC434200

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

66,475 kilometres

$30,995

Great Deal
Mississauga, ON
166 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
White
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
66,475
Stock number:
19623
VIN:
2T3B1RFV5RC425589

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

30,587 kilometres

$37,091

Great Deal
Georgetown, ON
180 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Gray (Magnetic Grey Metallic)
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
30,587
Stock number:
24-52449GT
VIN:
2T3R1RFV5RC452449

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

73,271 kilometres

$30,500

Great Deal
Mississauga, ON
166 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
73,271
Stock number:
19864
VIN:
2T3B1RFV4RC485752

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2015 Toyota RAV4

XLE

249,443 kilometres

$9,999

Great Deal
Ottawa, ON
208 km away
Year:
2015
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
176 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
White
Combined gas mileage:
9 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
249,443
Stock number:
19-33168AA
VIN:
2T3WFREV3FW157253

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Toyota RAV4

Trail AWD

115,445 kilometres

$28,006

Great Deal
North Bay, ON
218 km away
Year:
2020
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Exterior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
115,445
Stock number:
UP4405A
VIN:
2T3J1RFV6LW105053

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2019 Toyota RAV4

Adventure AWD

105,383 kilometres

$26,749

Great Deal
Mississauga, ON
169 km away
Year:
2019
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
203 hp 2.5L I4
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
105,383
Stock number:
T-1793
VIN:
2T3J1RFV8KW020150

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

99,433 kilometres

$27,790

Great Deal
Concord, ON
144 km away
Year:
2021
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
99,433
Stock number:
218351
VIN:
2T3R1RFV1MC218351

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2019 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

63,893 kilometres

$27,988

Great Deal
Nepean, ON
203 km away
Year:
2019
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
203 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Blue
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
63,893
Stock number:
A20311
VIN:
2T3R1RFV7KW077197

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

26,435 kilometres

$35,388

Great Deal
Markham, ON
134 km away
Year:
2023
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
26,435
Stock number:
14U7452
VIN:
2T3R1RFV5PC328002

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Toyota RAV4

XLE AWD

17,639 kilometres

$40,395

Great Deal
Scarborough, ON
139 km away
Year:
2025
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
White
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
17,639
Stock number:
44703G
VIN:
2T3R1RFV5SC554467

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

16,737 kilometres

$35,995

Great Deal
Scarborough, ON
139 km away
Year:
2025
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
White
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
16,737
Stock number:
26RA370A
VIN:
2T3B1RFV1SW633148

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Toyota RAV4

XLE Premium AWD

41,634 kilometres

$35,590

Great Deal
Aurora, ON
128 km away
Year:
2022
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
White
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
41,634
Stock number:
8474
VIN:
2T3R1RFV6NW292414

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

61,300 kilometres

$33,900

Great Deal
Brampton, ON
172 km away
Year:
2025
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior colour:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
61,300
Stock number:
26632
VIN:
2T3B1RFV5SC499178

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota RAV4

LE AWD

64,715 kilometres

$33,195

Fair Deal
Clarington, ON
94 km away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
RAV4
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior colour:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
8 L/100km
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
64,715
Stock number:
R06A6425
VIN:
2T3B1RFV3RC417863

Sponsored

  1. Home
  2. / Used Cars
  3. / Toyota RAV4
  4. / Ontario
  5. / Apsley
Overview
Reviews
FAQs

CarGurus recommends the 2024 Toyota RAV4

Picture of Toyota RAV4 ## Summary - With 1,404 currently listed for sale and an **average price of $37,362.00 CAD**, 38.9% of 2024 Toyota RAV4s for sale on CarGurus are rated as good or great deals. - **Favourably reviewed:** Owners rated the 2024 Toyota RAV4 4.83 / 5 stars. - **100.0% of 2024 RAV4 models on CarGurus are accident free**. - The 2024 Toyota RAV4 is well-praised for its spacious interior, advanced tech like a large touchscreen, and a solid reputation for reliability. ## Why it stands out The 2024 Toyota RAV4 stands out in the competitive compact SUV market due to its blend of practicality, comfort, and advanced technology. With a robust 2.5-litre four-cylinder engine that delivers a dependable 203 horsepower, the RAV4 caters to those seeking reliability in their daily driving experience. Its spacious cargo area and the versatility of its interior design make it an appealing choice for families and outdoor enthusiasts alike. Notably, the incorporation of Toyota Safety Sense 2.5 ensures a comprehensive suite of safety features, enhancing peace of mind while on the road. Additionally, its hybrid options offer impressive fuel efficiency, making it an economical choice over time. ## Other model years to consider - **[2022 Toyota RAV4](https://www.cargurus.ca/Cars/l-Used-2022-Toyota-RAV4-c32096)** - Average price: $33,388.00 CAD - Good/great deal percentage: 27.7% - User rating: 4.75 / 5 - Total listings: 920 - **[2023 Toyota RAV4](https://www.cargurus.ca/Cars/l-Used-2023-Toyota-RAV4-c32667)** - Average price: $35,960.00 CAD - Good/great deal percentage: 35.3% - User rating: 4.62 / 5 - Total listings: 1,149 - **[2014 Toyota RAV4](https://www.cargurus.ca/Cars/l-Used-2014-Toyota-RAV4-c24248)** - Average price: $15,437.00 CAD - Good/great deal percentage: 21.5% - User rating: 4.88 / 5 - Total listings: 149 These recommendations are based on CarGurus' proprietary market data from May 18, 2026, CarGurus experts' opinions, and generative AI.

4.6 Overall rating

(393 reviews)

Customers say

The Toyota RAV4 has received high praise over the years for its reliability, spacious interior, and fuel efficiency. Owners appreciate the comfortable ride and the practicality of the vehicle, making it suitable for families and daily use. However, some drivers have expressed concerns about engine power, ride quality, and the lack of modern features in certain models. The overall value for money is often highlighted, but the price points and some interior quality have been noted as drawbacks across different generations.

AI generated from the text of customer reviews.

What people say

cargo space fuel economy interior performance reliability
Missy W
5.0
Reviewed a 2019 Toyota RAV4 on Aug. 15, 2025

We are excited to own a Toyota RAV 4. It was a good deal with low mileage. So far we are very happy!

Shaakira G
5.0
Reviewed a 2013 Toyota RAV4 on Jan. 06, 2025

This 2013 Toyota RAV4 is a dependable and practical compact SUV, known for its reliability and spacious interior.

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2023 Toyota RAV4 on Jun. 26, 2024

I have a 2023 Toyota RAV4 XLE. My wife and I love this car. It drives/handles well and gets good gas mileage. The drivers seat is electric so adjusting the seat to fit whoever is going to drive the car is easy. It also has a lane violation warning signal option that alerts the driver when the car crosses the side or middle road lanes.

Cally G
5.0
Reviewed a 2011 Toyota Base 4WD on Jan. 21, 2026

Toyota Rav4 was in great shape, brand new tires, brand new brakes, no body damage. Looks brand new!

Simba S
5.0
Reviewed a 2021 Toyota RAV4 on Nov. 21, 2025

It was great and i enjoy driving it, very smooth but is a normal RAV4, everything works great and nothing is missing

Toyota RAV4 FAQs

How much does the Toyota RAV4 cost in Apsley, ON?

The average Toyota RAV4 costs about $32,696.38. The average price has increased by 8.7% since last year. The 627 for sale near Apsley, ON on CarGurus, range from $7,197 to $61,042 in price.

Is the Toyota RAV4 a good car?

CarGurus experts gave the 2026 Toyota RAV4 an overall rating of 6.8/10 and Toyota RAV4 owners have rated the vehicle a 4.5/5 stars on average. If a vehicle has both strong expert and owner reviews, you can feel confident in its quality. If either expert reviews, owner reviews, or both are spotty, you might want to do some research to figure out where the car falls short.

How many Toyota RAV4 vehicles in Apsley, ON have no reported accidents or damage?

627 out of 627 for sale near Apsley, ON have no reported accidents or damage.

Is the Toyota RAV4 safe?

CarGurus experts gave the 2026 Toyota RAV4 a safety rating of 7/10.

What fuel types are available?

Gasoline, Hybrid engines are available.

  • 2026 Toyota RAV4 in Apsley ON

  • 2025 Toyota RAV4 in Apsley ON

  • 2024 Toyota RAV4

  • 2023 Toyota RAV4

  • 2022 Toyota RAV4

  • 2021 Toyota RAV4

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale Under $10,000 Near Apsley

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale Under $15,000 Near Apsley

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale Under $20,000 Near Apsley

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale Under $25,000 Near Apsley

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale Under $30,000 Near Apsley

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale Under $40,000 Near Apsley

  • Used White Toyota RAV4 for Sale in Apsley

  • Used Blue Toyota RAV4 for Sale in Apsley

  • Used Red Toyota RAV4 for Sale in Apsley

  • Used Black Toyota RAV4 for Sale in Apsley

  • Used Silver Toyota RAV4 for Sale in Apsley

  • Used Gray Toyota RAV4 for Sale in Apsley

  • Toyota RAV4 XLE AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 LE AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 Limited AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 Trail AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 LE

  • Toyota RAV4 XLE Premium AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 LE FWD

  • Toyota RAV4 Adventure AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 SE AWD

  • Toyota RAV4 XLE FWD

  • Toyota SUVs & Crossovers for Sale in Apsley ON

  • Toyota 7-Seaters for Sale in Apsley ON

  • Reliable Cars for Sale in Apsley ON

  • Toyota Sedans for Sale in Apsley ON

  • Cheap Reliable Cars for Sale in Apsley ON

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale with Tow Package in Apsley

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Tow Package in Apsley

  • New Toyota RAV4 in Apsley ON

  • Certified Used Toyota RAV4 in Apsley ON

  • Mercury Mariner in Apsley ON

  • Honda CR-V in Apsley ON

  • Hyundai Santa Fe in Apsley ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Peterborough ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Belleville ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Cobourg ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Port Hope ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Oshawa ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Whitby ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Ajax ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Stouffville ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Pickering ON

  • Toyota RAV4 in Alberta

  • Toyota RAV4 in British Columbia

  • Toyota RAV4 in Manitoba

  • Toyota RAV4 in New Brunswick

  • Toyota RAV4 in Newfoundland and Labrador

  • Toyota RAV4 in Northwest Territories

  • Toyota RAV4 in Nova Scotia

  • Toyota RAV4 in Nunavut

  • Toyota RAV4 in Ontario

  • Toyota RAV4 in Prince Edward Island

  • Toyota RAV4 in Quebec

  • Toyota RAV4 in Saskatchewan

  • Toyota RAV4 in Yukon

  • All Used Cars

  • Cheap Cars

  • Manual Transmission Cars

  • Sports Cars

  • Hybrid Cars

  • Red Interior Cars

  • Electric Cars

  • Small Cars

  • AWD Cars

  • Cheap Automatic Transmission Cars

  • Classic Trucks

  • Conversion Vans

  • Three Quarter Ton Trucks

  • Diesel Trucks

  • Small Trucks

  • Chevrolet Diesel Trucks

  • Manual Diesel Trucks

  • One Ton Trucks

  • Cheap Trucks

  • Ford Trucks

  • Cheap SUVs

  • Mercedes-Benz Convertibles

  • Ford Diesel Trucks

  • Mercedes-Benz SUVs

  • BMW Convertibles

  • Chevrolet SUVs

  • Toyota SUVs

  • Nissan SUVs

  • Used Cars Under $10,000

  • Used Cars Under $5,000

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Hatchbacks for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Convertibles for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Vans for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Minivans for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Pickup Trucks for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Coupes for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Used Wagons for Sale with Low Mileage in Apsley

  • Race Toyota

  • Russelle Toyota

  • Used Toyota RAV4 for Sale with Tow Package in Apsley

Connect with us
Download our app
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
  • Company
  • About CarGurus
  • Our team
  • Press
  • Investor relations
  • Price trends
  • Advertise with CarGurus
  • For dealers
  • Dealer signup
  • Dealer resources
  • Terms
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy
  • Interest-based ads
  • Security
  • Help
  • Help center
  • Contact us
    • United States (EN)
    • Estados Unidos (ES)
    • Canada (EN)
    • Canada (FR)
    • United Kingdom

© 2026 CarGurus, Inc., All Rights Reserved.